Rust provides memory safety without garbage collection through its ownership system. Each value has one owner at a time. Ownership transfers through assignment or function calls. Borrowing references access values without taking ownership. The borrow checker prevents data races at compile time. Lifetimes ensure references remain valid for their usage duration. Rust’s type system prevents null pointer dereferences through Option. Pattern matching with match handles all possible cases exhaustively. Result handles errors without exceptions. Trait system provides polymorphism similar to interfaces. Generic programming with type parameters enables code reuse. Closures capture environment with ownership control. Cargo is Rust’s build system and package manager. Crates.io hosts community libraries. Concurrency with threads, channels, and atomic types is safe. Rust compiles to native code with C-compatible FFI. Unsafe blocks enable low-level operations when needed. WebAssembly support makes Rust useful for web development. Systems programming benefits from Rust’s zero-cost abstractions. is steep but pays off in reliability and performance.
